Executive Order 12148
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Executive Order 12148 was an
executive order In the United States, an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of th ...
enacted by President
Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he previously served as th ...
on July 20, 1979, to transfer and reassign duties to the newly formed agency, known as the
Federal Emergency Management Agency The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS), initially created under President Jimmy Carter by Presidential Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978 and implemented by two Exec ...
(FEMA), created b
Executive Order 12127
The order combined several federal agencies tasked with
emergency preparedness Emergency management or disaster management is the managerial function charged with creating the framework within which communities reduce vulnerability to hazards and cope with disasters. Emergency management, despite its name, does not actuall ...
and
civil defense Civil defense ( en, region=gb, civil defence) or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state (generally non-combatants) from man-made and natural disasters. It uses the principles of emergency operations: prevention, miti ...
spread across the executive departments into a unified entity that was established as an
independent agency A regulatory agency (regulatory body, regulator) or independent agency (independent regulatory agency) is a government authority that is responsible for exercising autonomous dominion over some area of human activity in a licensing and regulati ...
, free of
Cabinet Cabinet or The Cabinet may refer to: Furniture * Cabinetry, a box-shaped piece of furniture with doors and/or drawers * Display cabinet, a piece of furniture with one or more transparent glass sheets or transparent polycarbonate sheets * Filing ...
interference, with authority as the lead federal agency in a presidentially-declared disaster. The agency's place within the governmental structure was changed on March 1, 2003, when FEMA became part of the
Department of Homeland Security The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior or home ministries of other countries. Its stated missions involve anti-terr ...
's Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate.


Revocations

E.O. 12148 also revoked the following Executive Orders or parts thereof: (E.O. Numbers) 10242; Sections 1 and 2 of 10296; 10494; 10601; 10634; 10900; 10952; 11051; 11415; 11795; 11725; and 11749.


External links


National Archives page on Executive Order 12148
1979 in law 12148 Federal Emergency Management Agency {{US-gov-stub